Conformable Plant‐Attachable Janus E‐Skin with Sandwich Architecture for Plant Multimodal Phenotyping

Abstract

ABSTRACT Plant‐wearable sensors are essential for real‐time, in situ monitoring in smart agriculture, yet their adoption is constrained by functional simplicity and inadequate mechanical compliance. Herein, we present a conformable plant‐attachable Janus electronic skin (SPM/HMA@P) for multimodal phenotyping. Featuring a scenario‐specific encapsulation strategy fabricated via a bottom‐up approach, the device enables non‐invasive monitoring of multiple physiological parameters. The sensor integrates a conductive base composed of biocompatible quaternized chitosan, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes, and silver nanowires, a gas‐sensing functional layer, and an adhesive polydimethylsiloxane encapsulation. In the fully encapsulated configuration, SPM/HMA@P exhibits a 210.9% fracture elongation and an adhesion force exceeding 0.3 N on leaves, alongside excellent biocompatibility. This configuration allows for simultaneous monitoring of leaf temperature and growth‐induced strain, maintaining stable signals over 5 days. Conversely, the semi‐open configuration demonstrates high ethylene sensitivity (0.5–100 ppm, theoretical detection limit of 0.12 ppm), with response and recovery times of 300 and 120 s, and a lifespan of over 10 days. Coupled with a convolutional neural network (CNN), it achieves 96.8% accuracy in classifying ethylene signals from fruits. This robust multimodal platform addresses key challenges in plant physiological monitoring, holding great potential for smart crop breeding, postharvest assessment, and phenotyping.

Plant phenotyping relevance

植物に装着するマルチモーダルセンサーを開発し、葉温度・成長誘導ひずみ・エチレンなどの生理状態を非侵襲的に測定するプラットフォームであり、植物フェノタイピング手法が中心的に扱われている。

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