A Smart Crop Water Stress Index-Based IoT Solution for Precision Irrigation of Wine Grape

Abstract

The Scholander-type pressure chamber to measure midday stem water potential (MSWP) has been widely used to schedule irrigation in commercial vineyards. However, the limited number of sites that can be evaluated using the pressure chamber makes it difficult to evaluate the spatial variability of vineyard water status. As an alternative, several authors have suggested using the crop water stress index (CWSI) based on low-cost thermal infrared (TIR) sensors to estimate the MSWP. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a low-cost wireless infrared sensor network (WISN) to monitor the spatial variability of MSWPs in a drip-irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard under two levels of water stress. For this study, the MLX90614 sensor was used to measure canopy temperature (Tc), and thus compute the CWSI. The results indicated that good performance of the MLX90614 infrared thermometers was observed under laboratory and vineyard conditions with root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) values being less than 1.0 °C. Finally, a good nonlinear correlation between the MSWP and CWSI (R2 = 0.72) was observed, allowing the development of intra-vineyard spatial variability maps of MSWP using the low-cost wireless infrared sensor network.

Plant phenotyping relevance

低コスト熱赤外センサーネットワークを開発・検証し、ブドウ樹の水分状態（MSWP）をCWSIから推定する手法が研究の中心であるため。

Code and data availability

The article describes a wireless infrared sensor network (WISN) for vineyard water status monitoring, but no public phenotype dataset, sensor data, images, analysis code, or trained model is deposited. The only availability statement says data are contained within the article, and no author-provided public URL or code/

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