Early Detection of Fusarium Basal Rot Infection in Onions and Shallots Based on VOC Profiles Analysis.

Abstract

Gas chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) technology is drawing increasing attention due to its high sensitivity, low drift, and capability for the identification of compounds. The noninvasive detection of plant pests and pathogens is an application area well suited to this technology. In this work, we employed GC-IMS technology for early detection of Fusarium basal rot in brown onion, red onion, and shallot bulbs and for tracking disease progression during storage. The volatile profiles of the infected and healthy control bulbs were characterized using GC-IMS and gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). GC-IMS data combined with principal component analysis and supervised methods provided discrimination between infected and healthy control bulbs as early as 1 day after incubation with the pathogen, classification regarding the proportion of infected to healthy bulbs in a sample, and prediction of the infection's duration with an average R 2 = 0.92. Furthermore, GC-TOF-MS revealed several compounds, mostly sulfides and disulfides, that could be uniquely related to Fusarium basal rot infection.

Plant phenotyping relevance

GC-IMSによるVOCセンシングと解析で、タマネギ球の感染状態・感染進行を非侵襲的に推定し、早期検出性能を評価しているため、植物病害フェノタイピング手法が中心である。

Code and data availability

The article describes GC-IMS/GC-TOF-MS VOC profiling of onion and shallot bulbs with chemometric analysis, but no public phenotype dataset, raw sensor data, analysis code, or trained model deposit is mentioned. The Supporting Information is only a PDF of additional results (PCA plots, confusion matrices, VOC list), not

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