A simple and highly efficient protocol for 13 C-labeling of plant cell wall for structural and quantitative analyses via solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance.

Abstract

Background Plant cell walls are made of a complex network of interacting polymers that play a critical role in plant development and responses to environmental changes. Thus, improving plant biomass and fitness requires the elucidation of the structural organization of plant cell walls in their native environment. The 13 C-based multi-dimensional solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) has been instrumental in revealing the structural information of plant cell walls through 2D and 3D correlation spectral analyses. However, the requirement of enriching plants with 13 C limits the applicability of this method. To our knowledge, there is only a very limited set of methods currently available that achieve high levels of 13 C-labeling of plant materials using 13 CO 2, and most of them require large amounts of 13 CO 2 in larger growth chambers. Results In this study, a simplified protocol for 13 C-labeling of plant materials is introduced that allows ca 60% labeling of the cell walls, as quantified by comparison with commercially labeled samples. This level of 13 C-enrichment is sufficient for all conventional 2D and 3D correlation ssNMR experiments for detailed analysis of plant cell wall structure. The protocol is based on a convenient and easy setup to supply both 13 C-labeled glucose and 13 CO 2 using a vacuum-desiccator. The protocol does not require large amounts of 13 CO 2 . Conclusion This study shows that our 13 C-labeling of plant materials can make the accessibility to ssNMR technique easy and affordable. The derived high-resolution 2D and 3D correlation spectra are used to extract structural information of plant cell walls. This helps to better understand the influence of polysaccharide-polysaccharide interaction on plant performance and allows for a more precise parametrization of plant cell wall models.

Plant phenotyping relevance

植物細胞壁の構造情報を取得するssNMR測定のための13C標識プロトコルを開発・定量検証しており、植物の構造的形質取得が中心である。

Code and data availability

The paper is a 13C-labeling protocol for plant cell wall ssNMR analysis. No public phenotype/trait datasets, plant images, sensor/3D inputs, author analysis code, or trained models are deposited. The Data availability statement explicitly says no datasets were generated or analysed, and no code or repository URLs are提供

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