In Situ Root Dataset Expansion Strategy Based on an Improved CycleGAN Generator.

Abstract

The root system plays a vital role in plants' ability to absorb water and nutrients. In situ root research offers an intuitive approach to exploring root phenotypes and their dynamics. Deep-learning-based root segmentation methods have gained popularity, but they require large labeled datasets for training. This paper presents an expansion method for in situ root datasets using an improved CycleGAN generator. In addition, spatial-coordinate-based target background separation method is proposed, which solves the issue of background pixel variations caused by generator errors. Compared to traditional threshold segmentation methods, this approach demonstrates superior speed, accuracy, and stability. Moreover, through time-division soil image acquisition, diverse culture medium can be replaced in in situ root images, thereby enhancing dataset versatility. After validating the performance of the Improved_UNet network on the augmented dataset, the optimal results show a 0.63% increase in mean intersection over union, 0.41% in F1, and 0.04% in accuracy. In terms of generalization performance, the optimal results show a 33.6% increase in mean intersection over union, 28.11% in F1, and 2.62% in accuracy. The experimental results confirm the feasibility and practicality of the proposed dataset augmentation strategy. In the future, we plan to combine normal mapping with rendering software to achieve more accurate shading simulations of in situ roots. In addition, we aim to create a broader range of images that encompass various crop varieties and soil types.

Plant phenotyping relevance

根系表現型画像のデータセット拡張、背景分離、セグメンテーション性能検証を中心とする方法研究であり、植物形態の抽出手法が主要な貢献である。

Code and data availability

The paper's Data Availability statement explicitly deposits the authors' in situ root dataset and trained model on Zenodo and their analysis code (improved CycleGAN) on GitHub, both with public URLs.