Exploring Nutrient Deficiencies in Lettuce Crops: Utilizing Advanced Multidimensional Image Analysis for Precision Diagnosis.

Abstract

In agricultural production, lettuce growth, yield, and quality are impacted by nutrient deficiencies caused by both environmental and human factors. Traditional nutrient detection methods face challenges such as long processing times, potential sample damage, and low automation, limiting their effectiveness in diagnosing and managing crop nutrition. To address these issues, this study developed a lettuce nutrient deficiency detection system using multi-dimensional image analysis and Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). The system first applied a dynamic window histogram median filtering algorithm to denoise captured lettuce images. An adaptive algorithm integrating global and local contrast enhancement was then used to improve image detail and contrast. Additionally, a multi-dimensional image analysis algorithm combining threshold segmentation, improved Canny edge detection, and gradient-guided adaptive threshold segmentation enabled precise segmentation of healthy and nutrient-deficient tissues. The system quantitatively assessed nutrient deficiency by analyzing the proportion of nutrient-deficient tissue in the images. Experimental results showed that the system achieved an average precision of 0.944, a recall rate of 0.943, and an F1 score of 0.943 across different lettuce growth stages, demonstrating significant improvements in automation, accuracy, and detection efficiency while minimizing sample interference. This provides a reliable method for the rapid diagnosis of nutrient deficiencies in lettuce.

Plant phenotyping relevance

レタスの栄養欠乏組織を画像から分割・定量するシステムの開発が中心であり、植物状態の画像ベース表現型計測に該当する。

Code and data availability

The paper's Data Availability Statement explicitly states that the original data, implementation code, and sample data are openly available on the authors' GitHub (https://github.com/lvss88), which matches an allowed URL. This qualifies as a paper-specific public asset covering the lettuce nutrient-deficiency image-d分析