Towards the automation of NIR spectroscopy to assess vineyard water status spatial-temporal variability from a ground moving vehicle.

Abstract

Irrigation has a strong impact in terms of yield regulation and grape and wine quality, so the implementation of precision watering systems would facilitate the decision-making process about the water use efficiency and the irrigation scheduling in viticulture. The objectives of this work were two-fold. On one hand, to compare and assess grapevine water status using two different spectral devices assembled in a mobile platform and to evaluate their capability to map the spatial variability of the plant water status in two commercial vineyards from July to early October in season 2021, and secondly to develop an algorithm capable of automate the spectral acquisition process using one of the two spectral sensors previously tested. Contemporarily to the spectral measurements collected from the ground vehicle at solar noon, stem water potential (Ψ s ) was used as the reference method to evaluate the grapevine water status. Calibration and prediction models for grapevine water status assessment were performed using the Partial least squares (PLS) regression and the Variable Importance in the Projection (VIP) method. The best regression models returned a determination coefficient for cross validation (R 2 cv ) and external validation (R 2 p ) of 0.70 and 0.75 respectively, and the standard error of cross validation (RMSECV) values were lower than 0.105 MPa and 0.128 MPa for Tempranillo and Graciano varieties using a more expensive and heavier near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer (spectral range 1200-2100 nm). Remarkable models were also built with the miniaturized, low-cost spectral sensor (operating between 900-1860 nm) ranging from 0.69 to 0.71 for R 2 cv , around 0.74 in both varieties for R 2 p and the RMSECV values were below 0.157 MPa, while the RMSEP values did not exceed 0.151 MPa in both commercial vineyards. This work also includes the development of a software which automates data acquisition and allows faster (up to 40% of time saving in the field) and more efficient deployment of the developed algorithm. The encouraging results presented in this work demonstrate the great potential of this methodology to assess the water status of the vineyard and estimate its spatial variability in different commercial vineyards, providing useful information for better irrigation scheduling.

Plant phenotyping relevance

ブドウ樹の水分状態という植物生理形質を、移動車両搭載NIRセンサーで推定・空間マッピングする手法を比較検証し、スペクトル取得自動化ソフトウェアも開発しており、フェノタイピング手法が中心である。

Code and data availability

The supplied blocks describe NIR spectral measurements, stem water potential data, PLS models, and custom acquisition software, but contain no public deposit, availability statement, or authors' URL for any dataset, spectra, code, or trained model. The only URLs present (QGIS download page, IDE Rioja imagery) are third

No evidence-backed public reproduction asset is currently recorded.