Integrating Dense Genotyping with High-Throughput Phenotyping Empowers the Genetic Dissection of Berry Quality and Resilience Traits in Grapevine.

Abstract

Abstract Investigating the genetic architecture of important agronomic traits in grapevine, like berry quality and resilience to abiotic stress, has been hampered by bottlenecks in genotyping and phenotyping. To address these limitations, this study aimed to develop innovative tools to unravel the complex polygenic genomic architecture of these traits. Specifically, a high‐density 200K single nucleotide polymorphism array is developed and validated its effectiveness by genotyping 471 accessions from three F 1 breeding populations. A high‐throughput grape phenotyping tool is developed to accurately capture berry color, shape, and size. By integrating data from the two platforms, associated loci are identified over three growing seasons. Association mapping and haplotype analysis identified novel loci and candidate genes for berry shape ( bHLH017 ), soluble sugars ( ACT ), and organic acids ( ALMT1 and FUSC2 ), as well as vine cold tolerance ( NAC08 ), and fine‐mapped the flower sex determination locus. Furthermore, the functional role of NAC08 is validated, demonstrating that it activates the expression of a raffinose synthase gene, thereby increasing raffinose levels and conferring cold tolerance. Together, these augmented tools, the integrated data, and novel loci establish a better foundation for trait aggregation that will enhance breeding efficiency and boost the development of high‐quality grape varieties.

Plant phenotyping relevance

ブドウ果実の色・形・サイズを高精度に取得するハイスループット表現型解析ツールの開発が研究の中心であり、遺伝子型データとの統合応用も行っている。

Code and data availability

The article describes a 200K SNP array, a high-throughput berry phenotyping pipeline, and GWAS/QTL analyses, but the supplied blocks contain no public deposit, availability statement, or authors' URL for the phenotype datasets, berry images, or analysis code. The only URLs present (Thermo Fisher, goldgene, iTOL, CRISPR

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