Time-resolved tracking of cellulose biosynthesis and assembly during cell wall regeneration in live Arabidopsis protoplasts.

Abstract

Cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide on earth composing plant cell walls, is synthesized by coordinated action of multiple enzymes in cellulose synthase complexes embedded within the plasma membrane. Multiple chains of cellulose fibrils form intertwined extracellular matrix networks. It remains largely unknown how newly synthesized cellulose is assembled into an intricate fibril network on cell surfaces. Here, we have established an in vivo time-resolved imaging platform to continuously visualize cellulose biosynthesis and fibril network assembly on Arabidopsis thaliana protoplast surfaces as the primary cell wall regenerates. Our observations provide the basis for a model of cellulose fibril network development in protoplasts driven by an interplay of multiscale dynamics that includes rapid diffusion and coalescence of nascent cellulose fibrils, processive elongation of single fibrils, and cellulose fibrillar network rearrangement during maturation. This study provides fresh insights into the dynamic and mechanistic aspects of cell wall synthesis at the single-cell level.

Plant phenotyping relevance

生きた植物細胞でセルロース合成と繊維ネットワークを連続可視化する画像プラットフォームの確立が研究の中心であり、植物の細胞壁状態を抽出する手法に該当する。

Code and data availability

The supplied blocks describe live-cell TIRFM imaging of cellulose fibril dynamics in Arabidopsis protoplasts, but contain no public phenotype/trait datasets, image deposits, author analysis code, or trained models. No availability statements or public URLs appear, and allowed_urls is empty, so no paper-specific public,

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