Electronic Nose and GC-MS Analysis to Detect Mango Twig Tip Dieback in Mango ( Mangifera indica ) and Panama Disease (TR4) in Banana ( Musa acuminata )

Abstract

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from plants have been correlated with disease-status. Analysis of VOCs using GC-MS is time-consuming, laboratory-based, and requires specialist training. Electronic nose devices (E-nose) provide a portable alternative. Three different E-nose devices were compared to assess how accurately they could detect Mango Twig Tip Dieback and Panama disease in banana. The devices were initially trained on known volatiles, then pure cultures of Pantoea sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Fusarium odoratissimum, and finally, on infected and healthy mango leaves and field-collected, infected banana pseudo-stems. The experiments were repeated three times with six replicates for each host-pathogen pair. The variation between healthy and infected host materials was evaluated by principal component and linear discriminant analysis, cross-validation and chemometric data analysis. GC-MS analysis was conducted contemporaneously and identified an 80% similarity between healthy and infected plant material. The portable C 320 was 100% successful in discriminating known volatiles but had a low capability in differentiating healthy and infected plant substrates. The advanced devices (PEN 3 / MSEM 160) successfully detected healthy and diseased samples with a high variance. The results suggest that E-nose devices are more sensitive and accurate in detecting changes of VOCs between healthy and infected plants compared to headspace GC-MS.

Plant phenotyping relevance

植物の健全・感染状態をVOCsで識別する電子鼻センサー手法を比較・評価し、交差検証とケモメトリクスで性能を検証しているため、植物フェノタイピング手法が中心である。

Code and data availability

The paper describes E-nose and GC-MS phenotyping of mango and banana disease volatiles, but no public phenotype dataset, sensor data, analysis code, or model deposit is mentioned. The only supplementary materials are figures hosted on Preprints.org without an explicit URL, and no data availability statement appears in

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