Genetics of canopy architecture dynamics in photoperiod‐sensitive and photoperiod‐insensitive sorghum

Abstract

Abstract Canopy architecture traits are associated with productivity in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and they are commonly measured at the time of flowering or harvest. Little is known about the dynamics of canopy architecture traits through the growing season. Utilizing the ground‐based high‐throughput phenotyping system Phenobot 1.0, we collected stereo images of a photoperiod‐sensitive and a photoperiod‐insensitive population over time to generate three‐dimensional (3D) representations of the canopy. Four descriptors were automatically extracted from the 3D point clouds: plot‐based plant height (PBPH), plot‐based plant width (PBPW), plant surface area (PSA), and convex hull volume (CHV). Additionally, genotypic growth rates were estimated for each canopy descriptor. Genome‐wide association analysis was performed on individual timepoints and the growth rates in both populations. We detected genotypic variation for each of the four canopy descriptors and their growth rates and discovered novel genomic regions associated with growth rates on chromosomes 1 (PBPH, CHV), 3 (PBPH), 4 (PBPH, PBPW), 5 (PBPH), 8 (PSA), and 9 (PBPW). These results provide new knowledge about the genetic control of canopy architecture, highlighting genomic regions that can be targeted in plant breeding programs.

Plant phenotyping relevance

Phenobot 1.0によるステレオ画像取得、3D再構成、キャノピー形質の自動抽出が研究の主要な測定ワークフローであり、植物表現型解析への実質的な適用に該当する。

Code and data availability

All supplied blocks consist of the article's reference list and citation boilerplate. No public phenotype datasets, images, author code, models, or paper-specific supplements with availability statements are present; the only URLs are cited prior-work DOIs and generic software (R, emmeans, tidyverse), which do notqual.

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