Optimizing tomato detection and counting in smart greenhouses: A lightweight YOLOv8 model incorporating high- and low-frequency feature transformer structures.

Abstract

Tomato harvesting in intelligent greenhouses is crucial for reducing costs and optimizing management. Agricultural robots, as an automated solution, require advanced visual perception. This study proposes a tomato detection and counting algorithm based on YOLOv8 (TCAttn-YOLOv8). To handle small, occluded tomato targets in images, a new detection layer (NDL) is added to the Neck and Head decoupled structure, improving small object recognition. The ColBlock, a dual-branch structure leveraging Transformer advantages, enhances feature extraction and fusion, focusing on densely targeted regions and minimizing small object feature loss in complex backgrounds. C2fGhost and GhostConv are integrated into the Neck network to reduce model parameters and floating-point operations, improving feature expression. The WIoU (Wise-IoU) loss function is adopted to accelerate convergence and increase regression accuracy. Experimental results show that TCAttn-YOLOv8 achieves an mAP@0.5 of 96.31%, with an FPS of 95 and a parameter size of 2.7 M, outperforming seven lightweight YOLO algorithms. For automated tomato counting, the R 2 between predicted and actual counts is 0.9282, indicating the algorithm's suitability for replacing manual counting. This method effectively supports tomato detection and counting in intelligent greenhouses, offering valuable insights for robotic harvesting and yield estimation research.

Plant phenotyping relevance

トマト果実の検出・計数を行う画像解析手法自体を開発・比較しており、果実数という植物器官形質を抽出する中心的研究である。

Code and data availability

公開本文の所在を確認できませんでした。非公開または購読が必要な可能性があります。

No evidence-backed public reproduction asset is currently recorded.