TOWARDS WHEAT YIELD ESTIMATION IN PLANT BREEDING FROM INHOMOGENEOUS LIDAR POINT CLOUDS USING STOCHASTIC FEATURES

Abstract

Abstract. The world relies heavily on wheat, corn, and rice for nutrition, with global challenges such as population growth and climate change threatening food security. To tackle this, plant breeding, supported by digital technologies, focuses on improving food quality and quantity. Currently, crop yield estimation uses indirect observations through hyperspectral data and spectral indices, such as NDVI, which suffer from low sensitivity in breeding scenarios. Terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) present an alternative, allowing observations of the quantity and morphology of wheat ears from point clouds, which are directly linked to grain yield. However, exploiting these observations under field conditions presents challenges, mainly due to reduced resolution and non-homogenous properties of point clouds. In response, we propose an approach for in-field wheat yield estimation using machine learning and stochastic features of TLS point clouds that are specifically handcrafted to be less sensitive to the abovementioned phenomena. This approach avoids the need for explicit 3D reconstruction of individual plants and plant organs. Our initial results show limited success in yield estimation when posed as a regression problem. However, when framed as a classification problem focusing on detecting top- and bottom-performing plant phenotypes, we achieved a promising accuracy of 84.4% and AUC of 0.93. While encouraging, these are only the first results under relaxed conditions and further work is needed to enhance practical applicability.

Plant phenotyping relevance

TLS点群と機械学習を用いてコムギの収量および高・低収量表現型を推定する手法を開発しており、表現型取得・抽出が研究の中心である。

Code and data availability

The paper describes TLS point cloud data of a wheat variety trial and a MATLAB/Open3D analysis workflow, but no blocks contain any data availability statement, public dataset deposit, or author code release with a URL. The only URL present is the article's own DOI, which is the paper itself, not a paper-specific asset.

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