Discovery of Germplasm Resources and Molecular Marker-Assisted Breeding of Oilseed Rape for Anticracking Angle.

Abstract

Introduction: Scattering of kernels due to angular dehiscence is a key bottleneck in mechanized harvesting of oilseed rape. Materials and Methods: In this study, a dual-track "genotype-phenotype" screening strategy was established by innovatively integrating high-throughput KASP molecular marker technology and a standardized random collision phenotyping system for the complex quantitative trait of angular resistance. Results: Through the systematic evaluation of 634 oilseed rape hybrid progenies, it was found that the KASP marker S12.68, targeting the cleavage resistance locus (BnSHP1) on chromosome C9, achieved a 73.34% introgression rate (465/634), which was significantly higher than the traditional breeding efficiency ( 0.6, of which four reached the high resistance standard (SRI > 0.8), including the core materials NR21/KL01 (SRI = 1.0) and YuYou342/KL01 (SRI = 0.97). Six breeding intermediate materials (44.7-48.7% oil content, mycosphaerella resistance MR grade or above) were created, combining high resistance to chipping and excellent agronomic traits. For the first time, it was found that local germplasm YuYou342 (non-KL01-derived line) was purely susceptible at the S12.68 locus (SRI = 0.86), but its angiosperm vascular bundles density was significantly increased by 37% compared with that of the susceptible material 0911 ( p Conclusions: The results of this research provide an efficient technical platform and breakthrough germplasm resources for oilseed rape crack angle resistance breeding, which is of great practical significance for promoting the whole mechanized production.

Plant phenotyping relevance

油菜角果抗裂这一植物性状的高通量获取方法是研究策略的组成部分，明确建立并应用了标准化随机碰撞表型系统，而非仅作常规性状测量。

Code and data availability

The paper's phenotyping measurements (SRI random-impact assays, KASP genotyping, anatomical data) are reported only in article tables/figures. The Data Availability Statement explicitly states no new datasets were created or deposited, and supporting information is only available from the corresponding author upon 'e'

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