were also validated and the best-performing sets selected. A 348 description of each of the primers used in this study is given in the supplementary material 349 (Table SA1). 350 2.9 Verification of CAMP predictions 351 2.9.1 Model set-up and operation. 352 The CAMP model was coded into a Python script which is available at 353 https://github.com/HamishBrownPFR/CAMP/blob/master/CAMP.ipynb. A formal 354 description of the code and parameterisation scheme is given in the supplementary material. 355 The FLN developmental phenotypes measured for each genotype (Section 3.1) were used to 356 derive the Vrn expression parameters needed for CAMP. Each of the treatments was 357 simulated using CAMP w
Open resource ↗https://github.com/HamishBrownPFR/CAMP/ · pdf-layout-page:14 lines:1-49Unverified paper record
Integrating molecular and physiological approaches to quantify genetic controls for wheat development and improve phenotyping.
Journal of experimental botany · 5 Jun 2026 · 10.1093/jxb/erag278
Abstract
Disentangling genotype × environment (G×E) controls of flowering time requires phenotypes that link molecular regulation, developmental physiology and environment. Here, we integrated time-resolved measurements of apical development, final leaf number (FLN), and expression of the flowering-time genes VRN1, VRN2 and VRN3 across contrasting temperature and photoperiod regimes in six wheat genotypes spanning a wide range of developmental sensitivities. By combining controlled-environment phenotyping with concurrent gene-expression profiling, we show that environmentally driven variation in FLN is coherently explained by shifts in the timing of key apical transitions and associated VRN gene-expression dynamics. These integrated datasets were used to parameterise and interrogate the Cereal Anthesis Molecular Phenology (CAMP) model, enabling direct comparison between observed foliar gene-expression time courses and modelled gene activity. While overall developmental responses were well captured by the model, systematic differences between observed and modelled gene-expression patterns highlight the importance of distinguishing foliar expression from apical regulatory activity, as well as differences in temporal scaling. Building on this framework, we present a phenotyping protocol based on FLN responses to defined temperature and photoperiod treatments that delivers unconfounded developmental phenotypes explicitly linked to underlying genetic regulation.
Plant phenotyping relevance
FLN応答に基づくフェノタイピングプロトコルを提示し、温度・光周期処理下で遺伝的に解釈可能な発育表現型を取得する方法が中心的に扱われている。
abstractBuilding on this framework, we present a phenotyping protocol based on FLN responses to defined temperature and photoperiod treatments that delivers unconfounded developmental phenotypes explicitly linked to underlying genetic regulation.
Code and data availability
The paper's CAMP model code and the analysis scripts producing its figures are explicitly stated as publicly available on the authors' GitHub repository, directly reproducing this paper's phenotyping analysis.
pression parameters needed for CAMP. Each of the treatments was 357 simulated using CAMP with its corresponding daily temperature and Pp, so its predictions of 358 Vrn gene expression could be compared with those observed. The script running the CAMP 359 code and producing the graphs displayed in this paper can be viewed at 360 https://github.com/HamishBrownPFR/CAMP/blob/master/Tests/CAMPCETests.py. 14 UNOFFICIAL
Open resource ↗https://github.com/HamishBrownPFR/CAMP/ · pdf-layout-page:14 lines:1-49nd testing of the model in 690 broader contexts. EW contributed substantially to the improvement of model concepts and the 691 manuscript and all authors provided final checking. 692 8. Data Availability 693 All the data and scripts used to analyse data and produce graphs as well as CAMP model code are 694 publicly available at https://github.com/HamishBrownPFR/CAMP/ 695 9. References 696 Allard V, Otto V, Bela K, Rousset M, Le Gouis J, Martre P. 2012. The quantitative 697 response of wheat vernalization to environmental variables indicates that vernalization is not 698 a response to cold temperature. Journal of Experimental Botany 63: 847–857. 699 Baumont M, Parent B, Manceau L, Brown HE,
Open resource ↗https://github.com/HamishBrownPFR/CAMP/ · pdf-layout-page:31 lines:1-60This is an automatically classified, unverified record. Curator approval is required before any resource enters the Catalog.