Controlled delivery of phosphate to plants with optimized chemical and physical factors.

Abstract

Sustainable phosphorus fertilization is a growing challenge in agriculture. Phosphorus is necessary for plant growth, but it is typically only bioavailable in its orthophosphate form. Phosphate fertilizers contribute to environmental damage as they leach into aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, it is imperative to develop new fertilization techniques such as controlled-release small-scale phosphate fertilizers. However, iteratively optimizing various new fertilizers using a comparable method is difficult. Here, we use three-dimensional bioprinting as a high-throughput screening platform to evaluate cellular phosphate uptake of various phosphate sources, including triple super phosphate, diammonium phosphate and struvite, which are composed of different chemistries and scales. As a result, we identified ideal phosphate fertilizer sources for the development of controlled-release phosphate fertilizers. Then, we evaluated whether plant growth and root architecture responded differently to the ideal controlled-release fertilizers. This study demonstrates the utility of this screening platform in developing a controlled-release phosphate fertilizer that effectively provides phosphate to plants at the microparticle scale.

Plant phenotyping relevance

3Dバイオプリンティングを用いた高スループットの植物リン吸収評価プラットフォームが研究の中心であり、植物のリン吸収および根系構造を測定しているため、単なる肥料試験を超える方法適用に該当する。

Code and data availability

The paper describes 3D bioprinting-based phosphate uptake phenotyping, but the only data availability statement says Arabidopsis lines and particles are available upon reasonable request; no public dataset, image, code, or model deposit with an authors' URL is provided.

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