Scaling relations between leaf and plant water use efficiencies in rainfed Cotton – Role of environmental and biophysical parameters

Abstract

Water use efficiency (WUE) relates two important processes of the plant atmosphere continuum namely net carbon assimilation (via photosynthesis) and water utilization (via evapotranspiration). Our desire to trade-off WUE between accurate measurement at leaf level (WUEL) and effective implementation at plant level (WUEP) demands accurate scaling relations. Conventional mid-day, fully expanded, single-leaf measurements of WUEL are found to be poorly correlated with WUEP, thus questioning the applicability of scaling relations. This research is aimed at obtaining optimal time-window and leaf canopy position to characterize and upscale WUEL for effective field level implementation. Leaf gas exchange parameters were monitored in a rainfed Cotton field at five canopy positions for one crop cycle, and further correlated with WUEP considering individual measurements as well as their spatial averages. Optimal time-window showing highest correlation with WUEP has occurred during 15:00 to 16:00 hours irrespective of canopy leaf position and growth stage. Deviation with mid-day measurements of WUEL low during boll bursting stage (7.38 ± 4.69 %) and high during germination and seedling emergence stage (17.27 ± 5.37 %). These changes are largely attributed to stomatal regulation of water vapour via unregulated water stress conditions. Scaling relations between WUEL and WUEP are linear with correlation strengths ranging from 0.52 (west bottom) to 0.80 (plant top). At leaf level, WUE is controlled by variations in photosynthetic photon flux density (ρ = 0.80) and vapour pressure deficit (ρ = 0.78), whereas at plant level, WUE is controlled by relative humidity (ρ = 0.77) and net solar radiation (ρ = 0.85). Our findings can help in developing alternate water management strategies to improve WUE in rainfed Cotton fields of tropical humid climate.

Plant phenotyping relevance

葉レベルWUEを植物レベルへ拡大するため、測定時間帯と葉冠位置を最適化し、相関関係を評価することが研究の中心であり、単なる生理測定の付随利用ではない。

Code and data availability

The EGU24 presentation reports field-measured leaf and plant water use efficiency data for rainfed cotton and cites the companion Agricultural Water Management paper, but contains no public dataset deposit, image/sensor data release, analysis code, or model availability statement. The only URL present is the DOI of the

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