Artificial neural network-based estimation of physiological, biochemical, and nutrient parameters in durum wheat under NaCl and biostimulant treatments.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) productivity is strongly limited by salinity stress, particularly during early growth stages, due to disruptions in growth, water relations, and nutrient uptake. Seaweed extracts (SWEs), especially those derived from Ascophyllum nodosum, are widely used as biostimulants to enhance stress tolerance; however, their effects on durum wheat under salinity remain insufficiently characterized. In parallel, artificial neural networks (ANNs) provide effective tools for modeling complex plant responses to environmental stress. RESULTS: Salinity significantly reduced growth and physiological parameters, including biomass, chlorophyll content, and relative water content. SWE applications (2 and 4 g L⁻¹) effectively mitigated these negative effects. Biochemical traits such as proline accumulation, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacity were markedly enhanced under salinity. SWE treatments also improved macro- and micronutrient uptake in roots and shoots. ANN models successfully predicted multiple plant traits with high accuracy (R² > 0.90 for several key parameters). These models were implemented in a web-based R Shiny application to enable real-time prediction of plant responses. CONCLUSIONS : SWE application alleviates salinity-induced stress in durum wheat by improving growth, antioxidant capacity, and nutrient acquisition. The integration of ANN modeling with experimental data provides a reliable and practical approach for predicting plant responses, supporting artificial intelligence-assisted strategies for sustainable wheat production under saline conditions.

Plant phenotyping relevance

塩ストレス・生物刺激剤実験を背景とするが、ANNによる複数の植物生理・生化学・栄養形質の予測とWebアプリ実装が題名および結果の中心であり、再利用可能な計算的形質推定ワークフローに該当する。

Code and data availability

植物フェノタイピング解析を再現する公開資産であることを、入力本文と直接リンクから確認できなかったため保留しました。

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